التغيرات الفصلية لتركيز الرصاص في التربة وأوراق نبات الدفلة في مدينة طرطوس ومحيطها
Abstract
جرى تتبع التغيرات الفصلية لتركيز الرصاص في التربة ونبات الدفلة في ثلاث مواقع في مدينة طرطوس ومحيطها، بهدف التحري عن امكانية استخدام اوراق الدفلة كمرقاب حيوي. جمعت عينات من أوراق الدفلة والتربة السطحية من ثلاثة مواقع في مدينة طرطوس على مدار عام كامل. دلت النتائج أن تراكيز الرصاص مرتفعة في أنسجة الأوراق القديمة والمتساقطة وكانت أعظمية في العينات التي جمعت من مواقع قريبة من مرفأ طرطوس إذ وصلت 0.05±5.5 مغ/كغ مادة جافة، مما يدل على أن أوراق الدفلة تراكم الرصاص. ومن جهة أخرى، كانت تراكيز الرصاص في أوراق الدفلة والتربة اعظمية في الاشهر الجافة وانخفضت في الاشهر الماطرة بسبب عمليات الغسل بفعل مياه الأمطار، في حين ازدادت في الاوراق في الاشهر الصيفية بسبب إعادة تعلق التربة بفعل الرياح. ومن جهة أخرى، تدل تفاوت النتائج في تركيز الرصاص في اوراق الدفلة من فترة فصلية لاخر وكذلك تغير تركيزه في التربة عن صعوبة استخدامها في مراقبة تلوث الهواء بالرصاص.
Seasonal variations of lead concentration in surface soil and the leaves of Nerium Oleander plant in Tartous city and surroundings were studied, in order to investigate the possibility of using the leaves as a biomonitor. Samples of Nerium Oleander and surface soil were collected from three sites in the city of Tartous and surroundings over one year. The results showed that lead concentrations were high in the old and falling leaves and were high in the samples collected from sites close to the port of Tartous, reaching 5.5 mg/kg dry wt. indicating that the leaves were lead accumulation. On the other hand, the concentration of lead in surface soil was high in the dry months and decreased in rainy months due to rainwashing process, while the lead concentration in leaves increased in the summer months due to the re-suspension of soil by wind. In addition, the varaiation of the results in the concentration of lead in the leaves of Nerium Oleander from one period to another, as well as the change in concentration in the soil indicate the difficulty of using them in monitoring air pollution by lead.
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