حصر و تعريف أجناس وأنواع النيماتودا النباتية في المحيط الجذري لأشجار التفاح في محافظة حمص؛ سورية
Abstract
أجري مسح حقلي لأجناس وأنواع النيماتودا النباتية المرافقة لأشجارالتفاح Borkh.) (Malus domestica في محافظة حمص خلال العامين 2008 و2009 و ذلك خلال فصول النمو بدءاً من شهر نيسان حتى أيلول حيث تم جمع (148) عينة تربة وجذور من مناطق مختلفة في محافظة حمص (رباح - القصير – الصالحية – المقعبرة). تم استخلاص النيماتودا من العينات بطريقتي المناخل وأقماع بيرمان ثم عُرّفت النيماتودا حتى مستوى النوع. أظهرت النتائج وجود 15 جنساً تضم 22 نوعاً نيماتودياً متطفلاً مرافقاً لجذور وتربة أشجار التفاح. تم ترتيب الأجناس الأكثر شيوعاً تنازلياً حسب قيم تكرارها المطلـق (Frequency of Occurrence, FO) في التربة كما يلي: الجنس Pratylenchoides (نوع واحد بتكرار60.14=FO) ونيماتودا التقرح Pratylenchus (47.97) وقد سجل منها 8 أنواع، ثم النيماتودا الدبوسية Paratylenchus (34.46) وسجل منها نوعان، النيماتودا الحلزونية Helicotylenchus (26.35) وسجل منها نوعان، ثم النيماتودا الخنجرية Xiphinema (16.22)، النيماتودا الكلوية Rotylenchulus (15.54)، فنيماتودا التقزم Tylenchorhynchus (9.46) و ظهر نوع واحد من كل من الأجناس الثلاثة الأخيرة تليها أنواع غير معرّفة من نيماتودا تعقد الجذور Meloidogyne(7.43).
A Survey of plant parasitic nematode associated with apple trees Malus domestica (Borkh.) in Homs governorate, Syria, has been conducted during the period between 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. A total of (148) soil and root samples have been collected from the rhizosphere of the surveyed plants in four regions of Homs (Rabah, Al-Qsseer, Al-Salhia, and Al-Mokaabara). Nematodes were extracted by sedimentation and sieving using sieves and Baermann funnel techniques. Nematodes were identified to the species level. Fifteen nematode genera containing twenty two species were recorded. Based on Frequency of Occurrence (FO) in soil, these genera can be arranged in descending order as follows: Pratylenchoides (FO=60.14, one species), Pratylenchus (47.97, 8 species), Paratylenchus (34.46, two species), Helicotylenchus (26.35, two species ), Xiphinema (16.22, one species), Rotylenchulus (15.54, one species), Tylenchorhynchus (9.46, one species), Meloidogyne spp.(7.43).
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