Latakia University Journal -Biological Sciences Series

The effect of high temperatures on the survival rate of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under laboratory conditions.

2024-10-17T05:06:45+00:00

This research was conducted in the plant quarantine laboratory in the port of Latakia to study the effect of high temperatures on the survival rate of the red flour beetle T.castaneum under laboratory conditions Due to the high rate of beetle infestation among agricultural consignments imported and exported through the port of Latakia, the same applies to food stores as well. The results showed that the survival rate recorded its highest value at a temperature of 40°C and an exposure period of 15 minutes, amounting to
0.98. ±0.141, while 0.82±0.386 was recorded at an exposure period of 120 minutes at the same temperature. While a value of 0.78±0.416 was recorded at a temperature of 45°C and an exposure period of 15 minutes, and a value of 0.68±0.469 was recorded at a temperature of 120 minutes at the same temperature.

At a temperature of 50°C, the survival rate recorded a value of 0.74±0.441 with an exposure period of 15 minutes, which decreased to 0.50±0.503 with an exposure period of 120 minutes, while the survival rate recorded a value of 0.30±0.461 at a temperature of 55°C and an exposure duration of 15 minutes, recording a value of 0 with an exposure duration of 120 minutes. 120 minutes at 60°C for different exposure times.

Effect of using some organic fertilizers and marine algae extract on the growth and production of cucumber in plastic green house

2025-01-19T04:29:08+00:00

The research was carried out in the village of Hmeimim, affiliated to the Jableh region in Lattakia Governorate, in an unheated plastic hall, during the agricultural season 2023 to study the effect of some organic fertilizers and marine algae extract on the vegetative and floral growth of cucumbers. The experiment was conducted on the hybrid cucumber "Romano F₁", which is a female hybrid that produces only female flowers. Two types of organic fertilizer were used in the study: fish pond sediment fertilizer and organic fertilizer (composed of sheep, poultry and cow waste) and marine algae extract. The study included 4 treatments: T₀ control plants, T₁ plants with fish pond sediment added at a rate of 300 g/m², T₂ plants with fermented and dried organic fertilizer added at a rate of 500 g/m², T₃ plants sprayed with marine algae extract at a concentration of 1.50 ml/l and
4 replicates for each treatment and 10 plants in each replicate, so the number of plants in the experiment becomes 160 plants according to the complete randomized block design. Readings were taken related to the vegetative indicators of cucumber plant as well as the indicators of flowering and fruiting (for early-growing fruits).

The results showed: The addition of fish pond sediments increased plant height
(305.20 cm) and the number of branches formed on the plant (18.09 branches) and outperformed the control treatment and the highest number of female flowers
(56.97 flowers/plant) and the number of fruits (45.61 fruits/plant) and with significant differences with the rest of the treatments. The foliar spray treatment with marine algae extract outperformed in the number of leaves (56.39 leaves/plant), leaf surface area (19609cm²), and leaf surface index (8.17) over all treatments; While the treatment of fish pond sediments achieved the highest production per plant of 5.27 kg/plant and the highest productivity per unit area of 21.92 kg/m2, outperforming the rest of the treatments. Therefore, fish pond sediments and marine algae extract can be used on cucumber plant "Romano F₁"to improve and increase vegetative and floral growth indicators.

Effect of Different Concentrations of the Lichen Evernia prunastri on Percentage and Severity of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus on Tomato Fruits and in Some Growth Indicators of Tomato Plant in Protected Agriculture

2024-09-12T09:09:47+00:00

This research was carried out at Tishreen University, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Plant Protection, and field experiments were conducted in an unheated greenhouse, and for the agricultural season 2022-2023 in the village of Harisoun, which is located in the far north of Tartous Governorate on the administrative border with Latakia Governorate, which is about 7 km from the city of Banias, and whose height above sea level does not exceed 7-10 m, to evaluate the effectiveness of Evernia prunastri extractsIn reducing the infection of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus on tomato by estimating the percentage and severity of infection with the virus, and estimating some growth parameters, by watering seedlings with lichen extract in different concentrations 100 - 75 - 50 - 25 mg / ml, the results showed After 30 and 60 days of causing infection with brown wrinkle virus on tomatoes, a decrease in the incidence and severity of infection in plants infected with the virus and plants treated with lichen extract concentration of 100% compared to control plants infected with the virus and not treated with lichen extract, where the rate of decrease in the incidence and severity of infection reached 24% and 34.67% respectively for the first appointment (30 days), and reached 34.67% and 73.33% respectively for the second appointment (60 days), with significant differences between the treatments.

The biometric measurements of the vegetative total also showed significant differences between all the treatments and all the studied indicators (length, width and area of the paper, and the area of the paper surface and its index), the treatment of lichen exceeded the concentration of 75 and 100% on the control treatment and for all previous indicators, so that the highest average of the paper flat index was recorded in the healthy witness which is 6.45 and the lowest in the control infected with the virus which is 2.45 ,while the lichen coefficients at concentrations of 75% and 100% recorded the best paper flat evidence compared to other transactions without significant differences between them

The effect of using silage of carrot pulp and hay with urea-added in dairy cow diets on milk yield and composition

2024-11-13T09:03:03+00:00

The research was conducted at the Deir Hajar Station for Syrian Cattle Research in the Rural Damascus Governorate in 2022.The experiment lasted for 45 days, during which 8 homogeneous Holstein-Friesian cows, matched in age and production season, were randomly assigned to two groups:the control group T and the experimental group T₁. The control group was fed a diet consisting of a concentrate, straw, and green fodder, while in T₁, carrot pulp silage was substituted for part of diet with straw and urea based on dry matter at increasing ratios(8-16-24-32-40-48)%. The results showed that the produced silage had excellent specifications in terms of chemical composition, color, aroma, and pH level, which averaged 3.74±0.36. The silage was highly palatable for the cows, and no significant differences were recorded in dry matter, energy, and protein consumption between the two groups.Milk production was higher in the experimental group T₁ at 4.92%, reaching 24.53 kg/day; however, this difference was not statistically significant.No significant differences were observed in the average milk fat percentage between the control group T and the experimental group T₁, which were 3.22% and 3.59%, respectively.Similar results were obtained for protein and lactose percentages. Replacing carrot pulp silage with straw and urea as part of the diet reduced feed costs by 11.1% and decreased the cost of producing 1 kg of milk by 15.2%.Thus, the silage made from carrot pulp, straw, and urea exhibited good specifications, and increasing its dietary intake did not negatively impact dry matter consumption or milk production and composition while reducing feeding costs for milk production.

Study of the alternate bearing and some factors affecting it of local olive cultivar, Doaibli, in Tartous Governorate

2024-11-04T06:08:23+00:00

The research was carried out in the 2022 and 2023 seasons in the village of Dahr Diba, in the Tartous Governorate in Syria, with the aim of studying the phenomenon of alternate bearing and the effect of some factors on the characteristics of flowering and fruiting of the local olive cultivar Doaibli. A factorial experiment was designed consisting of three factors: season (2022 and 2023), tree age (10 and 20 years), and harvest date
(early and late). The results showed that Doaibli cultivar suffers from the phenomenon of alternate bearing, which causes large differences in productivity between seasons. It has been shown that the number of flowers per inflorescence is a cultivar dependent, and is not affected by the season, date of harvest, or the age of the trees. Also, alternate bearing affects the percentage of flowers with aborted ovaries, which increases with the increase in flowering load. It has been shown that the weight and size of the fruit increases in the year of lower fruiting compared to the year of heavy fruiting, and this applies to the weight of the kernel and pulp. The age of trees affects productivity and fruit weight. It also affects the percentage of flowers with aborted ovaries. It has also been shown that the date of harvest affects productivity. When fruits are harvested early, their productivity increases in the following year, and thus the severity of the alternate bearing decreases. We recommend harvesting the fruits of the Doaibali cultivar at the appropriate time, not delaying the harvest, and following various methods that limit the phenomenon of alternate bearing.

Study of the basic chemical composition and some biological compounds of the flowers of Cercis siliquastrum L.

2024-10-28T11:22:50+00:00

In this research, the chemical components of the flowers of the Syrian Zamzariqa plant were studied, which were collected from the areas of Salnfa and Kasab in the countryside of Lattakia city. The moisture content in the flowers was estimated and was 1.1 ± 71.45%, and the remaining components were estimated. The protein content was 0.25 ± 5.2%, the lipids 0.76 ± 1.17%, the fibers 0.33 ± 12.32%, the ash content 0.1 ± 2.3%, the total soluble sugars 0.21 ± 4.47%, and the reducing sugars 0.12 ± 2.97%. The total polyphenols in the aqueous extract of the dry flowers were estimated on the basis of mg of gallic acid and were 0.02 ± 35.7%. As for the antioxidant capacity, it was 0.13 ± 79.81 according to the DPPH Di Phenyl Picryl Hdrazyl method. The essential oil of the flowers was extracted and its components were studied using gas chromatography GC-MS.

Effects of frozen storage period on the biochemical and microbial quality of little tunny Euthynnus alletteratus

2023-09-30T11:14:29+00:00

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and microbial quality of the muscle of little tunny Euthynnus alletteratus during different storage periods
(15 days, 30 days and 60 days) under frozen storage conditions (-18 °C). Fresh fish samples were collected from the fish marketplace of Latakia, transported in refrigerated condition to the laboratory. The weight of the fish individuals ranged between 250-300 g. Samples were cleaned and eviscerated, and scales were removed, then frozen at (-35 C°) for five hours and finally stored at (-18 C°), and their quality was assessed during different storing periods. Moisture, ash, protein and fat ratio were estimated before and after freezing.

The results showed significant changes in the chemical composition of frozen muscle of the fish species studied, and their values varied significantly throughout the storage period (p<0.05).

The results of microbial analyses also showed that the total number of microorganisms was within the permissible limits for seafood under frozen storage conditions. It was found that storing of little tunny for 60 days had no significant negative nutritional effects and was therefore safe for consumption.

Effect of Several physicochemical treatments on seed apricot germination cultivar "Kalabi"

2024-11-04T05:37:41+00:00

The research was conducted in Tishreen university nursery, and Agriculture Engineering Faculty, to study the effect both priming and soaking with gibberellic acid solution, to remove apricot seed dormancy.

The results showed that seed soaking with GA3 (500ppm) for 24 hours, followed by stratification for 90 days, gave significant higher germination rate (91.67%), followed by 90 days stratification (83.33%), while the control showed a lower germination rate (8.33%). Statistical analysis showed that stratification for 90 days and soaking with GA3 (500 ppm) for 24 hours, were significantly better compared to the other treatments. The germination speed of seeds stratified for 120 days before and after soaking with 500ppm GA3 solution for 24 hours was 7.59 – 7.32 – 8.56 and 7.54 days/seed, while control seed germination was slower (140.69 days/seed).

Quantitative determination of Silymarin in Silybum marianum, Cynara scolymus and Gundelia toumefortii grown in Syria. (A comparative study)

2024-11-24T20:40:59+00:00

This study was to determine the total Silymarin concentrations in Silybum marianum(seeds), Cynara scolymus (leaves, scales, bud base), and Gundelia toumefortii (leaves, stems, fruits) collected from four geographically different locations in Syria, (Damascus, Homs, Tartus and Lattakia), during plants maturation period. Silymarin concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using reversed phase C₁₈ column.

Results showed that, silymarin concentrations varied with the geographical location and plant tissue. Total silymarin concentrations in Silybum marianum seeds ranged between 5.4 and 29.1 mg/g dry weight. The highest concentrations of silymarin were in the seeds collected from Damascus (29.1 mg/g dry weight), and the lesser concentrations were in the seeds collected from Homs location (5.4mg/g). The seeds collected from Tartus and Lattakia locations contained (12.7 mg/g) and (13.9 mg/g), respectively. In Cynar scolymus and Gundelia toumefortii the highest total silymarin concentration was found in the leaves of Gundelia toumefortii (8.2 mg/g), and in the bud base of Cynara scolymus (25.6 mg /g). There were significant differences in silymarin concentrations in seeds among various sampling locations; In addition, Significant differences in silymarin concentrations were also found among various parts of Cynara scolymus as determined by LSD test at P<0.05.

Finding the optimal conditions for the production of cellulase enzyme from the fungus Trichoderma viride

2024-11-10T03:16:58+00:00

This research was conducted at Tishreen University during the period 2023-2024, and aimed to determine the optimal conditions for producing the cellulase enzyme from the fungus Trichoderma viride in terms of pH, nutrient media concentration, incubation temperature and time using the response surface technology, by taking advantage of the pods of the Ghaf plant. As a food medium, cellulase enzyme can be used in many industrial applications.

A central composite design was used to verify the effect of four independent variables: pH, concentration of ghaf pods (%), incubation temperature and time on the response factor, which is the effectiveness of cellulase enzyme production. The independent variables were tested at three levels based on the results of the preliminary experiments. Response outcomes were predicted using a second-order polynomial model.

According to this study, the optimal conditions for the production of cellulase by Trichoderma viride were determined, where the pH was = 6, while the concentration of pods was 5.2%, the incubation temperature = 35 °C, and its time = 142 hours, where the expected theoretical values reached (54.8 U.ml). -1), and when these conditions were applied, the enzymatic activity of cellulase reached 53.9 U.ml-1. The convergence of the experimental results with the theoretical values indicated the suitability of the model and the possibility of using the response surface methodology in determining the optimal conditions for enzyme production.

The effect of treatment with orange and banana peel extract on the growth and production of tomato plants in protected agriculture

2024-10-06T12:27:15+00:00

The research was carried out in the village of Karto – Baniyas – Tartous region in the autumn season of 2022 within a plastic house dimensions of 42 * 8 * 3 m² covered with polyethylene plastic with a thickness of 200 microns, with the aim of studying the effect of orange and banana peel extract on the growth and production of protected tomato plants grown in greenhouse. The experiment included treating Dana tomato hybrid plants with orange and banana peel extract at concentrations of 2 and 4 ml/l by foliar spraying or adding by irrigation separately. In addition to the control treatment, to study the indicators of vegetative and fruit growth and productivity, which were represented by plant length, leaf surface area, total chlorophyll amount in leaves, and production of the experimental plants. The experiment was designed according to a completely randomized block design. The total number of treatments was (9) treatments, each with three replicates and each replicate containing 6 plants. The total number of replicates was 27 replicates, and the total number of plants was 162 plants, planted in cork containers with a capacity of 28 liters, and good soil was used and properties of medium consistency after sterilizing it in the sun.

The results showed that the spray treatment with banana peel extract at two concentrations of 2 and 4 ml/L was superior in average plant height, leaf surface area, total chlorophyll content, and fruit weight to the spray treatment with orange peel extract, with significant differences. The highest increase was in the average plant height, leaf surface area, chlorophyll, and fruit weight in the spray treatment with banana peel extract at the second concentration of 4 ml/l, the average plant height reached 2.24 m/plant, leaf surface area was 13200 cm2/plant, the total chlorophyll content was 1.233 mg/g, and fruit weight was 5.5 kg/plant, with an increase rate of (38.27, 23.13, 55.59 and 33.81) %, respectively, compared to the untreated control.

The results showed the effectiveness of irrigation and spraying with orange and banana peel extract at concentrations of 2 and 4 ml/l, and with two treatment methods
(spraying, irrigation) in stimulating vegetative and fruit growth and increasing productivity in protected tomato plants through an increase in the average plant height, leaf surface area, total chlorophyll content, and fruit weight in the treatments. The whole experiment had significant differences compared to the control.

Study of the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts (leaves - tubers) of the Arum palaestinum Boiss. on seed germination and seedling growth of Malva sylvestris L. and .Portulaca oleracea L.

2024-08-31T05:39:33+00:00

The allelopathic effect of the the Arum palaestinum Boiss. on the germination and growth of Malva sylvestris L. and .Portulaca oleracea L. aqueous extracts of leaves and tubers were obtained separately at different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8%) in addition to the control. The average length of the stalk and root decreased with increasing concentration of the filtrate he differences were significant for the difference of the mean with the control at the 0.05 level, and the concentration of 2% took the highest value for the relative germination rate and average root length The percentage of inhibition and the relative length of the stem in the test plants. The inhibition rates for the stem, root, and germination rate were greater than one for all treatments, so they had a negative inhibitory effect. The 8% treatment for leaves and tubers had the highest rate of inhibition on the test plants together. The results also showed that the leaves had a greater allelopathic inhibitory effect Compare with tubers.

Studying the effect of potassium fertilization and spraying with amino acids on the growth and productivity of tobacco plants (Virginia variety)

2024-10-31T11:31:14+00:00

The experiment was implemented at the Stakhris Agricultural Research Station in Lattakia during the 2021 agricultural season, according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates for each treatment. The research aimed to study the effect of potassium fertilization and spraying with amino acids on the growth and productivity of the tobacco plant, the Virginia tobacco variety (Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginie vk51), where some morphological characteristics of the plant were studied (plant height (cm) and total leaf surface area (m2). /plant), and the content of air-dried tobacco leaves of some biochemical compounds (total protein, soluble sugars, and nicotine (%)).Using the second level of amino acids and also the second level of potassium fertilization (IK2A1) gave the best results, as this treatment was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments, as the value of plant height in this treatment reached (226 cm), which was reflected positively on The total leaf surface area of the plant is (3.52 m²/plant). The qualitative characteristics of the dry tobacco leaf also improved, as the percentage of total protein and nicotine decreased and the percentage of total soluble sugars increased. Based on the above, it can be suggested to use the drip irrigation method with increasing the level of potassium fertilization due to the role it plays in Virginia tobacco, in addition to spraying with amino acids, due to their tangible role in stimulating growth in the Virginia variety and improving the quality of the resulting tobacco.

Study impact of Nutrients (NO3-, PO4-3, SiO4-3) on Phytoplankton Growth in laboratory at commercial port of Lattakia city During autumn.

2024-08-15T05:27:09+00:00

In this study, we investigate phytoplankton behavior applying Mesocosm experiments to clarify the changes in their growth under High temperature and different nutrients concentrations
(e.g. NO₃^-, PO₄^-3, SiO₄^-3).Using unfiltered seawater, the samples were collected from two different marine stations during November 2023. The amount of nutrients consumed by phytoplankton was studied, the Chl a changes were identified and the specific composition of Phytoplankton and abundance was determined. Results showed that during the nutrient enrichment experiment, no increase in phytoplankton growth was recorded when nutrient concentrations were tripled on their natural concentrations, This was reflected in the poor consumption of nutrients, the concentrations of which remained until the end of the cuddling period. Diatoms were the fastest to consume nutrients in all the circles used and the following species prevailed:
(Thalassiosira decipiens, and, Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima Nitzschia closterium) throughout the period of cuddling.

Comparison of two tests Latex and ELISA efficiency in Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis in Lattakia Governorate.

2024-11-26T10:59:38+00:00

The research dealt with compared and evaluated between two common tests used to detect of Toxoplasmosis, Latex agglutination test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay test or ELISA test, in random sample of males and females attending Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia during 2022 and 2023.

The number of blood samples collected was 240 (161 females, 79 males). The results of LAT test showed that the infection rate in females during combined two years was 42.23% (68 infections), while a very small number of infections were recorded in males, amounting to only 5 infections, with a percentage of 6.32%.

As for the infection rates for females during 2022 and 2023 with IgM, IgG and the two antibodies together, measured using ELISA test was 24.84%, 1.24% and 4.34% respectively, with 49 infections and a total percentage 30.43%, while for males it was 3.79%, 3.79% and 0%, with only six infections and a total percentage 7.59%.

The sensitivity of ELISA test was 91.66%, while its specificity was 98.40%. Compared to the LAT test, whose sensitivity was 100% and its specificity was 90.27%. The ELISA test can be considered the most efficient and accurate in detecting Toxoplasma gondii infection, while the LAT test is only important for early detection of the disease.

Smart Agricultural Develop effective strategies to promote the adoption of smart agricultural methodsbased on the demographic characteristics of farmers

2024-11-10T03:41:39+00:00

The study aimed to study the effect of the demographic characteristics of farmers on the adoption of smart agricultural methods. To achieve the research objectives, a sample of (45) farmers was taken from agricultural researchers, and the required data was collected by designing a questionnaire form designed for this purpose according to the method of personal interviews with farmers. The analytical approach was used to describe and analyze the sample members’ answers to the questionnaire’s axes. The research results showed that there are statistically significant differences between the number of years of experience, age, educational level, and the ability of farmers to adopt smart agriculture. The research also showed that farmers are of active age and have an appropriate educational level, and the majority of them are specialized agricultural engineers, which helps in adopting smart agricultural methods . The results of the research showed that smart agriculture methods are among the most applied smart agricultural methods, at a rate of 70.4%, followed by smart fertilization methods, at a rate of 68.2%, then smart irrigation methods, at a rate of 67%, and smart control methods came in last place, and By 57.03%, the research also reached a set of proposals: the most important of which is providing the opportunity for farmers to own smart agriculture tools and equipment at affordable prices. Thoughtful, through financing loans to adopt smart agriculture, the gradual transition to using smart agriculture systems on a large scale, attention to training and preparing expert resources in the field of smart agriculture, and working to reduce the fragmentation of agricultural holdings if possible, because of its negative effects on the application of smart agriculture, As large areas encourage the adoption of modern technology, the results of which are reflected in the productivity of a unit of area and in overall agricultural production.

The effect of foliar feeding with some nutrients and seaweed extracts on the production of apple trees and the quality of their fruits

2024-12-23T07:43:20+00:00

This study was carried out in the village of Kassab in Lattakia Governorate on apple trees of the (Golden delicious) variety during the two growing seasons (2021-2022) in order to find out the effect of foliar spraying with some nutrients and seaweed extracts on some physical and chemical specifications of apple fruits Golden delicious the experiment included eight treatments, where spraying with boron, potassium and seaweed extracts was carried out individually or in combination with each other, The process of spraying with these materials led to a significant superiority of the studied transactions compared to the control, where the average production of trees increased, as the highest value was recorded in the treatment of (K+B + SW) which is (98.17) kg, and the lowest was in the treatment of the witness (68.75) kg, and for the diameter of the fruits, the highest diameter of the fruits was found in the treatment of boron (7.37) cm and the lowest was in the control (6.59) cm, and the highest discoloration of the fruits was found in the treatment (B+K + SW) where it was (87.5) % and the lowest discoloration was found in the control (42.5)%. As for the hardness of the fruits, the highest value was in the treatment of (SW) (8.77) kg / cm 2 and the lowest value of hardness was in the control (6.22) kg / cm 2, but the dissolved solids did not give significant differences between the coefficients studied.

Study of the antibacterial activity of ginger extract in comparison with the antibiotics gentamicin, azithromycin and doxycycline on Escherichia coli isolated from broilers in Tartous

2024-09-24T04:36:00+00:00

Escherichia coli causes significant economic losses in broiler farms due to high mortality rates, low feed conversion efficiency, and delayed growth. This risk increases with the random use of antibiotics in its treatment, in addition to the emergence of resistance to these antibiotics, which may reach humans. Accordingly, this research was conducted with the aim of isolating and confirming Escherichia coli infection in some broiler farms in Tartous Governorate and studying the effectiveness of some antibiotics used in its treatment and comparing them with ginger extracts, thus finding natural alternatives to commercial antibiotics and reducing their effects. Samples were collected during the period from 13/11/2022 to 22/11/2023 from different areas: (Amrit, Beit Al-Khatib, Jaditi, Matrouh, Qamsiyeh, Khirbet Al-Maazah, Marqia, Zahwiya, Safliyeh, Al-Hamidiyah, Saya). Symptoms were recorded, pathological dissection was performed, samples were cultured in nutrient broth and incubated at (37) C, then cultured on specific media to diagnose the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria. Sensitivity tests were conducted for three antibiotics, namely azithromycin, gentamicin and doxycycline, and compared with alcoholic and aqueous ginger extracts. The results indicate that the alcoholic ginger extract is superior to the rest of the studied antibiotics with high statistical significance and an average inhibition diameter of (11.84), followed by aqueous ginger with an average inhibition diameter of (10.47), azithromycin with an average inhibition diameter of (10.47), followed by gentamicin with an average inhibition diameter of (10.42), then the antibiotic doxycycline with an average inhibition diameter of (9.80). Thus, the extract shows encouraging efficacy that may qualify it as a natural alternative to antibiotics.

Keywords: Escherichia coli, chicken, antibiotic sensitivity, ginger.

Study of The Hepatorenal toxic effect of indomethacin and evaluation of the protective effect of aloe vera gel extract

2024-11-10T03:38:36+00:00

This study aimed to determine the effect of Ethanolic Aloe vera gel extract in alleviating or preventing the hepatotoxic and renal toxic effects induced by indomethacin in male albino mice, Thus, it can be adopted as a plant-based protective agent against the side effects of this drug. This study, included 30 white mice, (Balb/c strain), which were divided into three experimental groups (10 mice in each). as follows: The first group (the physiological control), was treated with oral cavity of DMSO 10% until the end of the experiment, while the second group (the pathological control), was treated with oral cavity of indomethacin in a single dose for 6 hours To induce toxicity ,whereas the third group (Protective) was treated with oral cavity of Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera gel for 30 days, then at the next day mice were treated with oral cavity of indomethacin in a single dose 166 mg⁄kg for 6 hours day . At the end of the experiment, the treated animals were anesthetized by Chloroform and dissected to obtain kidneys and livers. Histopathology results showed a toxic effect of indomethacin, represented by severe cytoplasmic necrosis and individual necrosis in some hepatic cells, In addition to severe vascular congestion, As for Renally with glomerular degeneration, vascular congestion, in addition to degenerative changes in the proximal tubules. Aloe vera gel extract showed an important protective effect, as it preserved the integrity of the hepatic tissue structure, with the exception of noting punctate lymphocytic infiltrates within the portal spaces and central vein congestion. Likewise, in the kidneys, it preserved the renal tissue structure, only vascular congestion was observed without any inflammatory infiltrates, which indicates its great effectiveness in scavenging free radicals and antioxidant.

Assessment of the coastal and marine ecological systems present in the area extending from the fishing port (Al-Yogoslafia) to Burj Islam: Latakia - Syria on the Syrian coast

2024-10-17T04:57:08+00:00

The Syrian coastal region is considered as a rich zone in both natural and human resources; it contains a wide diversity of ecological and social systems with different natural, cultural and economic values, in addition to the services that these systems provide to the local community and their importance in its sustainability and well-being.

This study was conducted from 01/04/2024 to 01/07/2024, on the area that extends from the fishing and touristic port (Al-Yogoslafia) to Burj Islam area. This area experiences rich biodiversity (in terms of species and ecosystems). It also includes a number of diverse terrestrial ecosystems, whether in terms of plant or animal diversity. In addition, the study area contains the Marine Protected Area of Ibn Hani and the archaeological site of Ugarit.. This region suffers from many pressures, because of a number of factors such as pollution from multiple sources, as well as the impact of climate change.

This study carried out an assessment of the existing ecological, social and cultural heritage systems in the region based on the results of the DPSIR approach.